Pig Latin: Convert a Sentence to Pig Latin Following Standard Transformation Rules

Question

## Problem

Convert a sentence to Pig Latin using these rules:
1. If a word begins with a vowel, append `"yay"` to the end.
2. If a word begins with one or more consonants, move the consonant cluster to the end and append `"ay"`.
3. Preserve the capitalization of the original first letter in its new position.
4. Preserve punctuation attached to words.

```python
def pig_latin(sentence: str) -> str:
    pass
```

**Example:**
```
sentence = "Hello world, how are you?"
output   -> "Ellohay orldway, owhay areyay ouyay?"
             # H moved, capitalized at new position
```

## Follow-ups
1. How do you handle words that are entirely consonants (no vowel), like `"gym"` or `"rhythm"`?
2. The sentence contains numbers and special characters like `"catch-22"`. How do you handle hyphenated words?
3. Write the reverse function `from_pig_latin(sentence)` that recovers the original.
4. Extend to support a stream of characters arriving one at a time; output translated words as soon as a word is complete.

Pig Latin: Convert a Sentence to Pig Latin Following Standard Transformation Rules

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